Automatic gun.



Patented Nov. 26, IQOI.

nvento A. BunGEss. AUTUMATIC GUN.-

(Appucation med oct. 1s, 1900.)

(No Model.)

628% t nneooco NrrED TATES ANDREW BURGESS, oF owEoo, NEW YORK.

AUTOMATIC GUN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.- 68'7,448, datedNovember 26, 1901. Application ined october 13,1900. Seriana. 32,914.(roman.)

To @Z5 whom it may concern:

Beit known that LANDREW BURGESSJesid ing at Owego, in the county ofTioga and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Automatic Guns, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had therein to the ac' powerful inaction, so that -the shells are thrown out of the way of the infeedingcartridge; also, toplace the cartridge-feed quite fully under control ofthe barrel movement, and also to improve the constructions andcombinations of various parts of the mechanism of guns of this class.

Figure 1 is a Vertical longitudinal section of a pistol embodying thestructuresA of my present invention. Fig. 2, is' a broken section of thesame with some partsin different position. Fig. 3 is a brokencross-section on line 3 3 looking towardthe breech. Fig. 4is a brokencross-section on line 4 4 looking toward the muzzle. Fig. 5 is a detailplan or diagram of a part ofthe barrel, striker, ejector, and acartridge in position for vloading and showing part of magazinein'dotted lines. Fig. 6 shows tumbler, trigger, and dog, partly insection and part in elevation, detached. Fig. 7 is a vertical section ofthe upper portion of a magazine modification.

The frame 1 is-of any suitable construction to support the working partsand is preferably of vmetal. The barrel 2 is housed in agenerally-cylindrical bore in the frame and has a shoulder 3j, againstwhich a coiled spring 4 bears tohold or press the barrel back. The frontend of the spring 4 rests against a ring 5, at least as thick as theshoulder 3, which ring is preferably held in place by pins 6 6, whichpass through the frame from side to side. The barrel 2 slides throughthe ring 5 as it reciprocates. A muzzle-piece 7 is screwed or otherwiseattached to the barrelin front of the ring 5 Iand closes over thecasing, as shown. VBy grasping the muzzle-piece 7 the barrel can bedrawn forward, compressing the spring 4 be- J.

tween the shoulder 3 and ring 5. By remove ing the pins 6 the barrel,ring 5, and spring 4 can be drawn forward out of the frame.

The cartridges are contained in a magazine 10, which magazine in apistol is inside the stock or handle 11. The magazine shown is what isknown as a .boX-magazine, in which the cartridges lie side by side,being lifted by a spring `12 and follower 13, as is common; but inaddition to the follower which lifts the cartridges the magazine has anuplift and has retaining-wings, so that the top cartridge is held bythewings of the magazine in position for the barrel to move back andinclose the cartridge and at the same time depress the magazine.

The magazine 10 has wings or spring-jaws 15 projecting fr'om its upperportion, which wings or spring-jaws'embrace the rear portion of the topcartridge under normal con ditions. The front ends of these wings arein'- clined, as indicated,r and the rear end of the barrel is conical orwedge-shaped. Now assuming the'barrel to be drawn forward, as by a pullon the muzzle-piece 7, and the upper part of the magazine lifted by itsspring so that the top cartridge is directly behind the barrel, therelease of the barrel permits the strong spring 4- to force back thebarrel, the cartridge then entering into the Lbarrel and the barrel byits wedging action onthe ends of the wings y15 spreading the wings torelease the top cartridge and at the same time forcing down thetop ofthe magazine with its wings expanded, so that the next cartridge comeswithin the Wings and is in position to be lifted for a repetition of themovement. The upward movement of the magazine is stopped by anabutment-screw 14 in the form shown in Fig. 1. In the telescopicmagazine shown in Fig. 7 the hooks 14a serve the same purpose-to limitthe rise of the wings 15.

The magazine 10, which Ais Within a recess in the stock or frame, issupported by-a' lever 16, hung in the frame 1 and pressed up'by a spring17. (See dottedlines, Fig. 1.) The lever 16 may be turned back for theinsertion of the magazine, and when turned forward IOO ' under themagazine tends to lift the same the magazine is depressed by thebackward movement of 4the barrel, as explained. As a modilication-thewings may be on --a telescopic extension 10a of the' magazine.

In such vcase Y the magazine; spring 12 will raise the follower 13andthe cartridges there` on, and as the wings 15 will prevent the es-ycape of the top cartridge this cartridge will be lifted, and the section10a withl it, so far 'as the telescopic movementpermits,the magafzine-spring l2 insuch case actingto' lift both the cartridges and theWings 15, which hold the top cartridgein line withl the barrel.

In anyr construction the object of the magazine is to present the topcartridge in the magazine in position to be inclosed by the barrel inits backward movement,ahd it is'not very material what the position ofthe other cartridges may be at the instant the barrel closes o n thistop cartridge. So whether the entire magazine be lifted by the spring 17and lever.16 to the position the magazine would occupy above the `dottedposition of the lever 16 in Fig. 1 when the barrel is forward orwhetheronly the telescopic top portion of the magazine rises, as indicated :inv

Fig. 7, that. part which carries the wings will be -retired downwardlyby the backward movement-of the barrel when it closes over thecartridge. If the wings are on a telescopic section of the magazine andthe maga- .zine is itself held up by the lever 16, then the wholemagazinewill retire downward or only the telescopic section, accordingto the preponderance of power of the two springs 12 or 17, and when thefollower-spring 12 has become extended, so as to have small liftingpower, the spring 17 will reinforce it to the extent of lifting 'theentire magazine an amount equal to the diameter of a cartridge, thusrelieving the follower-spring 12 to that extent.

Both the magazine-lifting spring-actuated lever 16 and the telescopicextension 10a may be'used in the same construction, so that theresilience of both springs is available to lift the magazine-wings. Thelever 16 is a convenient means for holding the magazine in the frame.

The cartridge when iuclosed in ihebarrel, as in Fig. 1, (the magazinebeing depressed,) and resting against the recoil-shield 20 can be firedby mechanism to be described. When fired, the barrel is held back onlyby its own inertia and by the pressure. of springs 4 and 35. These areovercome by the gas-pressure or by the friction of `the bullet in thebarrel, and the barrel is carried forward until the spring a, by itscompression against the ring 5, actsas a stop to prevent the further forward movement. The cartridge-shell a is held back againstthe-recoil-shield 20.by the eX- tractor-hook 21. rlhis hook 21, as shownin Fig. 5, is pressed over the cartridge-Hange by est, 44's alightspring 222;I but a spring-hook would thecartridge prevents the shellfrom moving forward. "A sliding ejector 23 in the side of the frame'opposite the extractor has a shoulder 24F in rear of thecartridge-dange. A'hook 25 at the front ofy this ejector is engaged by aprojection 26 on the barrel when the barrel has moved well forward. Theprojection 26 is shown as a screw and is removable. The barrel movingforward smartly causes this projection to strikev a quick blowon theejector. This moves the ejector suddenly forward andthrows the shellsidewise out of the hook 21 in a manner common, except that the ejectormoves instead of the extractor. When the barrel moves back under theimpulse of its spring 4, it inclosesthe next-succeeding cartridge, whichmeantime has risen with the wings 15. The ejector 23 can be returned.backward by a spring 28, so as not to obstruct the rise of thesucceeding cartridge. The r`backward movement of the barrel will bringits rear .end into engagement with the shoulder 29 on the ejector and sopush back the ejector should the spring 28 have failed 'wings 15yielding to permit such feed.

The firing mechanism preferably employed has special relation to theautomatic movement. The firing-pin 30 is connected to a bar 3l, whichextends forward and is pivotally connected to atumbler 32. is pivoted onthe pin 33 and has notches with which the trigger' and sear'engage.

Thev tumbler 32 will always be rocked from the position of Fig. 1 toabout the position of Fig. 2 when the barrel is drawn forward for thepurpose of lloading the gun, (unless, of course, the tumbler be alreadyso rocked.) This isdone by the engagement of the notch 46 in the barrelwith the hook 4.5 on the tunibler. The sear tlwill normally then engagethe tumbler and hold it cocked. To reach the safety position of Fig. 1,the tumbler must have been released and let down in much the The tumbler32 v TOO IIO

same manner that the hammer of a self-cockwhich fornl'the tumbler,'although this is not4 essential. The mainspring 35 rocks the tumj ble'ron the pin 33, and this draws on the bar.V

i end of the dog 36 against the lower end of the influence of themainspring.

4The trigger 34 carries a pawl or dog 36, which extends iush with the.sides of the tumbler and is pressed by the spring 37 so that 31 and pin30 when the tumbler is left-under itsl nose has engagement with the.cookingnotch of the tumbler, as shown i-n Fig. 1. A backward pull onthe trigger when the parts are in the position of Fig. 1 carries lthelower upper armof said 'foil and prevents the foil from rocking on itspivot.- When the trigger I is pulled and the foil thus held rigid, thedog zo o, 'its rear lower surface with the lower arm of or pawl 36 istripped by the engagement of .the foil. The nose of `the dog is thusreleased from the tumbler. Simultaneously the Aseal- 41 is releasedfromfthe tumbler by the .lrock the tumbler, drawing on the bar 3l andfiring-pin 30, to fire the cartridge. It the barvrelbe not in itsrearmost position, no pull o'n .sufficient resistance to the dog 36 totrip said thetrigger can release the tumbler, because rthe foil notbeing held rigidly by the pin 26 willrock freely, and therefore will notafford full-cock notch of the tumbler by the nose 42- 'of the triggerengaging said sear when the l trigger has about reached the limitof itspull.

The nose 42 of the trigger, as illustrated, ex-v tends far enoughdownward to make this contact or to prevent the sear 41 from engagingthe full-cock notch of the tumbler when the A trigger is pulled toitsextreme position. The pull of the trigger will release the sear, andthis will permit the tumbler to rock and operate the firing-pin if thedog 36 has been released from the tumbler, 'but not otherwise. Thesear`41 is pressed against the tumbler by the scar-spring 22.

A trigger-spring 44 serves to rock the trig-v ger forward into positionfor a second pull; but when the trigger has been pulled to release thesear (a little beyond the position of Fig. 2) the tumbler will rock anddraw forward on'the firing-pin through the bar 3l.v The lower end of thebar 31 at the extreme forward movementof said bar strikes therear sideof the trigger lwith a blow sufficient to throwv the trigger and thefinger pulling the trigger forward unless the ltrigger be held `quitefirmly. This forward impulse enables 12 5 engagement of the trigger withsuch sear, as,4 l will be explained. Then the mainsprin g will the userof the gun to release his pressure on the trigger quickly enough toavoid a second shot, if 'he desires to do so. Otherwise by holding thetrigger to the rear the sear 41 is kept out of engagement with thetumbler 32. The dog 36 engages its notch in the tumbler when the'barrelis forward by theaction of the spring 37; but when the projection 26 on,the barrel strikes the upper end of the foil 40 on the backward movementof the barrel theA foil 40 trips the dog and so releases the tumbler.When the-tumbler swings on the pin 33 under the influence of themainspring 35, the hook 45 ot' the tumbler swings into the notch 46 ofthe barrel. It the barrel be not back into safe rin g position, thiscannot take place; but when the hook 45 does swing into the notch thenext forward movement of the barrel will rock the tumbler to cockedposition, and the tiring can then continue,unde'r control of thetrigger,as long as there-are cartridges in the magazine. Thus, as in otherautomatic guns,'the ring of the first cartridge furnishes power to load,cockthe arm, and eject the shells, the trigger acting merely as a tripto control the instant of firing; but

if by reason of defective ammunition or other- -wise the barrel remainsforward an unusual -timelstill the ring Imechanism cannot have beenreleased r the gun uncooked by the trigger action during such interval;

While I have shown the mechanism as applied to a pistol, it isapplicable to other guns. The invention is not confined to the precisemechanism illustrated, but is believed to be as broad as the claimsherein.

`Vlhat I'claim is- 1. In a gun as described, the barrel carried in acylindrical recess in the casing, a muzzle` piece secured to the frontend of the barrel and closing over the casing, a ring secured to thecasing by a transverse vpiu and surrounding the barrel, and a springinterposed between a shoulder onsthe barrel and said'ring, whereby theremoval of the pin enables, the ring, barrel, and spring to be drawnforward out of the casing, substantially as described.

2. In a gun as described, a box-magazine extending upward into proximitywith the rear part of the barrel and provided at its upper portion withwings or spring-jaws inclined at their front, and means for lifting acartridge from below-into said jaws and means for lifting the magazineand jaws, and a lon-l gitudinally-reciprocating barrel which in itsrearward movement engages the incline of said wings and depresses thewings and magazine 'while inclosing the top cartridge of the magazine.

3. In a gun as described, a box-magazine carrying spring-jaws, means toraise said jaws and a cartridge therein, said jaws being inclined at thefront, and a reciprocating barrel inclined at the rear, to engage andre` lease the jaws while inclosing the cartridge.

4. In a gun as described, a box-magazine in proximity to the rear end ofthe barrel,

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spring-jaws or wings connected to4 said magazineto embrace the Iirstcartridge, a spring bearing the jaws forward toward the loadingposition, and a reciprocating barrel acting on said jaws to move themwith thesection of the magazine to` which they are attached, from theiradvanced position,all combined su bstantially as described.

5. A gunhaving a longitudinally-recipro 'catingbarreh provided with anincline, a magazine under the rear end of said barrel a telescopicextension of said magazine having in- "clined spring-jaws at its upperendl', and a springfor lifting said extension and jaws, and for liftingthe cartridges into the jaws, whereby the barrel movement by thebarrel-inclineA engaging said jaws depresses the jaw portion of themagazine, all combined.'

6. In a gun as described, a boxllmagazne,

means for lifting a cartridge therein, springjaws connected to the mouthof the magazine,-

a springfollowe1j adapted to lift said jaws,Y

and a spring bearing on the magazineto lift'L the same, combined with areci procatiu g barrel which acts on said jaws to depress the same,substantially as described.

7. In a magazine-gun, the combination with the stock having a recesstherein, of a springpressed piece pivoted in the frame and bearing ont-he bottom of the magazine to press the same upward in the frame,audmovable around the pivot to permit removal and vinsertion of themagazine.

t 8. In a gun,'the combination of a recipro- 'eating barrel, anextractorhook fixed againstv longitudinal movement with relation to theframe, a sliding ejector having a shoulderbehnd the cartridge, aprojection on the-barrel engaging said barl to throw out the shell,

and a spring pressing the ejector-bar length-` wise of the frame toreturn said ejector-bar, all substantially as described.

9. In an automatic gun having a reciprocating barrel and means forfeeding cartridges, a pivoted tumbler having engagements-with the barrelwhen in rearposition to be rocked as the barrel moves forward, airingpin and' bar pivotally connected to said tumbler, and means for holdingthe tumbler cocked, all combined. v

10. In an automatic gun, the combination of a tumbler and riu gmechanism connected thereto, a trigger-and a dog carried thereby thefiring-pin bar,

' in presence of two in position to engage said tumbler, and an'interposed foil engaged by the barrelto act on the dog and make thepullof the trigger ei'ective oniy when the barrel is in' closed position,substantially as described.

' 11. In an automatic gun, the ,combination ofa reciprocating barrel, avpivoted tumbler engaged thereby to be. cocked by the forward movement ofthe barrel,- asear engaging the movement thereof, a firing pin and barconknectedto the tumbler, atrigger carrying 'a spring-dog to vengage anotch in the tumbler,

au interposed foil acting on said dog when sustained by the scribed. f l

1 3. In an automatic gun, the combination of the reciprocating barrel,the pivoted tumbler having hook engagement with the .barrel asdescribed, the trigger hung on the tumbler-pivot and carrying-aspring-dog in position to engage a notch in the tumbler, and a pivotedfoil, engaged by a projection on the barrel andri-gidly held in positionfor engagement by the dog when so held,'but yielding under otherconditions, s ubstantiallyas described.

14. Iufa-gun as described, the reciprocating barrel-,'apivotedtumblerand mainspring,

and a trigger bier, said trigger having a dog to engage the tum- Iin theline of the blow of so as to be thrown forward held with suicient forceto thereby'unle'ss' all combined substantially resist such blow,

as described.

' In testimony whereof Iafix my signature witnesses.

ANDREW BURGESS.

Vitnesses:

CEAS. E. RIORDON, CHAs. K.' DAvIEs.

barrel, vand a sear engagingy the tumbler in position to be releasedbythe. trigger, allcombined substantially' as de@ l n 8o vwith the barrellto be rockedA by the forward Afiring pin and bar connected to saidtumbler,

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